This article entitled Advances in Nonvolatile Memory Interfaces Keep Pace with the Data Volume, recently published in RTC Magazine, gives a nice overview of maintaining performance on newer technologies.

Learn more about Datalight and ClearNAND

It’s always gratifying when you run benchmarks and discover your product actually does outperform the competition. Months and months of development effort went in to making Reliance Nitro and FlashFX Tera run flawlessly in an open source environment. We were pretty sure our transactional architecture beat the pants off YAFFS2, JFFS2, and UBIFS, but until you run the final benchmarks, you really don’t know for certain. Recently we ran tests on two platforms, a ConnectCore Wi-i.MX51 (Cortex-A8) and an NVidia Tegra 2 (Cortex ARM9). The Flash part used for all tests was a Samsung 512 MB part. The specific test used was IOZone, with a specified file size sufficient to be larger than the Linux cache, in order to better reflect the raw throughput. The results speak for themselves:

Also see an article weighing the pros and cons of JFFS2

That cracking you may or may not have heard last month was the sound of SanDisk and Toshiba breaking the sub-20 nanometer NAND barrier. Flying in the face of conventional wisdom (and more than a few industry analysts), both companies recently announced they will be delivering 19nm NAND this year. Intel and Micron are close behind, each with their own 20 nanometer announcements. Those who said it couldn’t (or shouldn’t) be done had some very compelling reasons, chiefly that the physics behind multi-cell architecture in a 1x nanometer cell are shaky at best. How many electrons will there be in a 1x nanometer cell? How many levels of data can possibly be detected with so few of them? The supporting technologies for this detection, not to mention correction of the unavoidable errors that will creep in will be critical .

In an industry that has come to expect product innovation in the form of shrinking die sizes being announced roughly every 12-18 months, keeping pace with this trend indefinitely is not only pushing the boundaries of physics, but also manufacturers’ technical abilities. How low can they go? While the introduction of 19nm parts show that innovation and scaling of NAND Flash memory continues moving at breakneck speed, one wonders when the end point of this shrinkage will finally come. And while the drive for NAND innovation has dramatically improved both the cost and performance of the technology, moving to ever smaller die sizes is beginning to have severe consequences on data storage reliability and flash endurance – challenges which must be addressed not only by the supporting hardware technologies but also by the file system and flash management software. Bottom line: Will the devices you’re responsible for provide the performance, life span and flexibility your customers require? What contingencies should you be planning for as the storage technologies get ever smaller?

Learn more about Datalight flash management software

Last week’s Flash Memory Summit was a whirlwind of tutorials, announcements and networking, including a presentation by our very own CEO Roy Sherrill, but if you missed the announcement by ONFI (the Open NAND Flash Interface organization) that its new ONFI 2.3 specification will include the EZ-NAND protocol, take a few minutes to soak it in. The news about EZ-NAND, which stands for error correction code (ECC) Zero NAND, is especially welcome for manufacturers of smart phones and other high-performance, price-competitive embedded devices. The EZ-NAND protocol dictates that ECCs are done by the NAND itself rather than by the NAND controller or device driver, a much more efficient method (as we’ve been  blogging for nearly two years now). Also, in this era of fast-changing ECC NAND requirements, not having to keep up with the rapidly changing NAND ECC requirements by using costly high-end NAND controllers is a major competitive advantage for OEMs.

In current raw NAND implementations, the host controller is responsible for managing ECC and all other NAND functions like wear leveling, bad block management and compaction. ECC is notoriously difficult to implement in software, and EZ-NAND decouples it from the rest of these functions, allowing device designers to use the system processor for these functions and avoid the use of expensive NAND controllers. This setup, combined with a high-performance flash manager like FlashFX Tera, offers OEMs the ultimate combination of performance, flexibility and low cost to make those high-octane smart phone processors (MIPS, PowerPC, iMX-31 and OMAP families, etc.) really shine. While eMMC, with its hardware-based ECC seems to offer good compromise, the reality is that the other NAND functions (wear-leveling, bad block management and compaction) have to contend with the inexpensive controller found in the eMMC device. Translation: less-than-optimal use of the flash and seriously bogged-down performance in many use cases.

We would love to hear what you thought of this year’s Flash Memory Summit, what you learned, what surprised you and what you liked or didn’t like.  Also, let us know if you have comments or questions about EZ-NAND using the comment field below.

Earlier this month (June 4th) SpaceX sent the Falcon 9 rocket on its maiden voyage from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station with a successful orbital insertion. Falcon 9 is a reusable spacecraft which will be used to resupply the International Space Station under the Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) program. We are delighted that SpaceX selected Datalight Reliance and FlashFX Pro to protect mission-critical data from the rigors of space travel, such as shock, vibration, temperature extremes and radiation. Emily Shanklin,Director, Marketing and Communications for SpaceX had this to say: “Datalight software enables reliable flash-based embedded computing for SpaceX’s upcoming Falcon 9 and Dragon spacecraft missions in the data-hostile conditions of space.”

Bothell, WA, – June 15, 2010 – Today Datalight announced support for Micron Technology’s 4-gigabit (Gb) 34-nanometer (nm) NAND flash with on-die error correction code (ECC) within its popular flash managers, including FlashFX Pro and FlashFX Tera.

Read the full story here: http://bit.ly/9xn2DW

Recently we developed a sample project to demonstrate how to boot Linux from flash on an embedded system.  Booting NAND with a single (root) file system can be a challenge, even when using a NOR chip to initialize as this project did. So how did we do it? In order to simplify the process, we loaded our Datalight bootloader into the NOR flash and programmed the monitor that comes with the board to jump directly to it. So if you use the sample project with a Freescale i.MX31, a single command starts the loader and allows it to load the kernel and the initial RAM disk from flash managed by FlashFX Tera with Reliance Nitro. It will then read them into memory, jump to the kernel, and the kernel will start running code from the initial RAM disk which loads the FlashFX Tera and Reliance Nitro drivers into the kernel. Next, it mounts the flash as the root file system and the system is powered up and running. Within about ten seconds your i.MX31 is up and running with FlashFX Tera running the flash and Reliance Nitro running as the root file system. If you’d like to try it for yourself, we’ve included sample code for this project with our latest product release. In addition, our sample loader could just as easily be loaded into memory other ways.

Bothell, WA, – May 5, 2010 – Today Datalight announced support for Linux kernel versions up to 2.6.33, the most recently released Linux versions available. FlashFX Tera, the file-system independent flash memory manager and Reliance Nitro, the highly-reliable, high-performance file system offer much faster mount times than UBIFS, YAFFS, or JFFS2. In addition, the Datalight products boost write speed over the standard file systems and provide out-of-the-box support for over 300 different flash memory parts from all the leading suppliers. Linux is finding its way into more devices such as smart phones, automotive infotainment, and industrial equipment which require both responsiveness and 100% data reliability.

“With the growth in adoption of Linux for data-intensive embedded devices, OEMs need a flash file system that better supports their reliability and performance requirements.” said Roy Sherrill, Datalight CEO. “By supporting the most recent kernel versions of Linux we’re filling that gap in the market with a robust, commercial-grade solution backed by our reputation for responsive, high-quality support.”

FlashFX Tera supports the full range of flash technologies including NAND, NOR, and MLC NAND flash in a single driver. Its patented wear-leveling and bad block management extend the useful life of devices using flash. While FlashFX Tera can be used with virtually any file system, pairing it with Reliance Nitro provides an optimized data storage software stack to simplify system development.

FlashFX Tera 1.2 and Reliance Nitro 1.2 are available immediately from Datalight and the Datalight worldwide network of channel partners. Please visit us at http://www.datalight.com/partners/worldwide-sales-partners to find a reseller near you.

The Reliance family of file systems and FlashFX family of flash media managers comprise the Datalight flash file system solution. Reliance was designed from the ground up for high reliability applications. Dynamic Transaction Point™ technology gives developers full control over performance and data protection characteristics, protecting users from file system corruption, even after unexpected system interruption. Embedded applications can benefit from faster boot times that remain consistent for the life of the product, regardless of disk size. FlashFX™ Tera features pre-written support for over 300 flash parts, works with virtually any NAND controller, and features wear leveling, bad block management, and background compaction for unrivaled performance.

For information, contact:
Kerri McConnell, Director of Marketing
425.686.1069
kerri.mcconnell@datalight.com

We recently had the opportunity to work with Digital Payment to solve a NAND flash corruption issue by using the validation tools that come standard in FlashFX Pro. You’ve probably seen their shiny parking meters around town, including many remote locations that have no permanent power and no easy access to service. That’s why when Digital Payment learned of the reliability benefits of Reliance, they saw an opportunity to improve up-time and lower service costs. Reliability is just one of many reasons their parking meters are popular with parking lot owners and municipalities looking for dependable, user-friendly machines. Be sure to check out the full case study for more information about Digital Payment’s experience with FlashFX Pro and Reliance.

Bothell, WA, – March 18, 2010 – Datalight announces support for Linux kernel versions up to 2.6.29 with new versions of FlashFX Tera, the file-system independent flash memory driver and Reliance Nitro, the highly-reliable, high-performance file system. FlashFX Tera version 1.2 offers out-of-the-box support for over 300 different flash memory parts from all the leading suppliers, expanding the choice for OEMs using flash memory. Linux is finding its way into more devices such as smart phones, automotive infotainment, and industrial equipment which require both responsiveness and 100% data reliability, by adding Reliance Nitro 1.2, OEMs can ensure rock-solid reliability of their systems without paying a performance penalty.

“Datalight continues to raise the standard in delivering advanced file system features for MontaVista Linux,” said Dean Misenhimer, Director of Marketing at MontaVista Software. “Our partnership provides our customers the option of a pre-integrated professional flash file system solution to speed their development of flash-based devices. This ultimately leads to faster time to market with superior performance and reliability.”

FlashFX Tera supports the full range of flash technologies including NAND, NOR, and MLC NAND flash in a single driver. Its patented wear-leveling and bad block management extend the useful life of devices using flash. While FlashFX Tera can be used with virtually any file system, pairing it with Reliance Nitro provides an optimized data storage software stack to simplify system development.

Reliance Nitro version 1.2 also adds support for extended file attributes. Most commonly used to designate file permissions, extended attributes are important to customers using special Linux distributions like SMACK. As data quantity and complexity in devices grows, extended file attributes can also be used for storing additional metadata (data about the data), such as digital rights information, GPS location or any information that makes finding and using the data easier. The ability of Reliance Nitro to serve as the root file system for Linux can simplify the data storage stack for these devices by allowing them to operate with a single file system.

“With the growth in adoption of Linux for data-intensive embedded devices, OEMs need a flash file system that better supports their reliability and performance requirements.” said Roy Sherrill, Datalight CEO. “By migrating our flagship products to Linux we’re filling that gap in the market with a robust, commercial-grade solution backed by our reputation for responsive, high-quality support.”

FlashFX Tera 1.2 and Reliance Nitro 1.2 are available immediately from Datalight and the Datalight worldwide network of channel partners. Please visit us at datalight.com to find a reseller near you.

The Reliance family of file systems and FlashFX family of flash media managers comprise the Datalight flash file system solution. Reliance was designed from the ground up for high reliability applications. Dynamic Transaction Point™ technology gives developers full control over performance and data protection characteristics, protecting users from file system corruption, even after unexpected system interruption. Embedded applications can benefit from faster boot times that remain consistent for the life of the product, regardless of disk size. FlashFX™ Tera features pre-written support for over 300 flash parts, works with virtually any NAND controller, and features wear leveling, bad block management, and background compaction for unrivaled performance.